![[Home Page]](/images/icons/gramene_logo180new.jpg "[Home Page]"){kind=icon}
Plant Breeding Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060 Japan
Among various linkage relations reported in rice, data for Pl (Purple leaf)- lg (ligulelessness) on the 4th chromosome and C (Chromogen)-wx (glutinous endosperm) on the 6th chromosome have been accumulated over nearly 60 years. Data were obtained from various publications as shown in Tables 1 and 2, and the overall estimates of recombination values were computed by using the maximum likelihood method described by Allard (1956). The values obtained were 23.7+/-
Table 1. Estimates of recombination valves (%) between Pl (purple leaf) and lg (liguelelessness) from data given by different authors (chromosome 4)
================================================================
Gene- Linkage Mode of segregation R.C.V. X2
=========================== Ref
ration phase Pl+ pl lg pl+ pl lg Total (%)
================================================================
F2 c 313 40 49 74 476 20.9+/-2.14 1.85 8
F3 c 5382 758 818 1263 8221 21.5+/-0.52 20.97 8
F2 c 148 21 23 34 226 22.0+/-3.19 0.38 10
F2 c 303 56 64 56 479 29.9+/-2.58 5.90 11
F2 c 47 6 5 11 69 17.8+/-5.18 6.10 11
F2 c 21 5 3 2 31 35.9+/-11.21 1.01 11
F2 c 101 15 18 23 157 23.8+/-3.99 0.003 11
F2 c 1325 289 267 272 2153 30.1+/-1.22 29.76 12
F2 c 490 69 77 109 745 22.3+/-1.77 0.86 4
F2 r 394 165 188 14 761 27.1+/-3.32 0.95 4
F3 r 1190 510 560 39 2299 26.1+/-1.92 1.25 8
B1 c 92 31 33 94 250 25.6+/-2.76 1.81 7
================================================================
R.C.V.=23.7+/-0.43%, Homogeneity X2=70.2,df=ll,p<0.001
Table 2. Estimates of recombination values (%) between C (anthocyanic
chromogen) and wx (glutinous endosperm) from F2 data given by different
authors (chromosome 6)
================================================================
Linkage Mode of segregation R.C.V. X2 Reference
=========================
phase C+ C wx c+ c wx Total (%)
================================================================
c 605 93 80 128 906 22.9+/-1.59 0.37 14
c 778 163 87 128 1156 26.5+/-1.56 .77 14
c 309 30 43 58 440 19.6+/-2.15 1.85 3
c 67 4 10 17 98 15.6+/-4.06 2.37 16
c 214 33 26 51 324 20.3+/-2.56 0.99 16
c 1001 154 146 213 1514 22.8+/-1.26 0.03 10
c 577 83 84 110 854 23.1+/-1.69 0.003 9
c 1148 175 167 242 1732 22.8+/-1.17 0.04 12
r 134 61 60 0 255 24.8+/-20.3 2.84 15
r 1732 736 837 31 3336 19.8+/-1.65 2.97 15
r 467 228 221 1 917 6.7+/-3.28 10.48 15
r 516 209 231 11 967 22.8+/-3.02 0.005 16
r 42 21 29 1 93 18.0+/-9.97 0.36 16
r 182 80 125 12 399 29.6+/-4.51 4.56 16
r 443 176 238 14 871 24.9+/-3.14 0.40 5
r 551 273 270 35 1129 32.0+/-2.63 20.90 5
================================================================
R.C.V.=22.9+/-0.51%,Homogeneity X2=52.85,df=15,P<0.001
0.43% for Pl-lg and 22.9+/-0.51% for C-wx. Recombination values obtained from
individual data sets are also given in the tables. For C-wx recombination,
the values from repulsion data showed wider fluctuations than those from
coupling data.Chi-square values for the deviation of estimates from individual data sets were obtained as D2/I, where D is the actual deviation from zero of the maximum likelihood expression with a given recombination value and I (=ni\p\) stands for the total amount of information. Data sets based on a large number (n) of segregating plants generally had a high chi-square value, indicating the heterogeneity of those data. The variability in recombination estimates would be due to various factors in genetic and environmental conditions, which are hoped to be investigated in the future.
References
1. Allard, R. W., 1956. Formulas and tables to facilitate the calculation of recombination values in heredity. Hilgardia 24: 235-278.
2. Allard, R. W., 1963. Evidence for genetic restriction of recombination in the lima bean. Genetics 48: 1389-1395.
3. Chao, L. F., 1928. Linkage studies in rice. Genetics 13: 133-169.
4. Iwata, N. and T. Omura, 1971. Linkage analysis by reciprocal translocation method in rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) II. Linkage groups corresponding to the chromosomes 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11. Sci. Bull. Fac. Agr. Kyushu Univ. 25(3.4): 137-153. (in Japanese with English summary).
5. Jodon, N. E., 1957. Inheritance of some of the more striking characters in rice. J. Hered 48(4): 181-192.
6. Kidwell, M. G., 1972. Genetic change of recombination value in Drosophila melanogaster, 1. Artificial selection for high and low recombination and some properties of recombination- modifying genes. Genetics 70: 419-432.
7. Kinoshita, T. and I. Takamure, 1986. Linkage studies by the use of backcross data in rice. -Genetical studies on rice plant, XCV.-J. Fac. Agr. Hokkaido Univ. 63(1): 136-143.
8. Morinaga, T., 1938. Inheritance in rice, Oryza sativa L. II. Linkage between the gene for purple plant color and the gene for liguleless. Jpn. J. Bot. 9: 121-129-
9. Nagamatsu, T. and T. Omura, 1962. Linkage study of the genes belonging to the first chromosome in rice. Jpn. J. Breed. 12(4): 231-236.
10. Nagao, S., 1951. Genic analysis and linkage relat!onship of characters in rice. Advances in Genetics 4: 181-212.
11. Nagao, S. and M. Takahashi, 1952. Genetical studies on rice plant. XIV. The order and distance of some genes belonging to Pl-linkage group. Jpn. J. Breed. 1(4): 237-240. (in Japanese with English summary)
12. Nagao, S. and M. Takahashi, 1963. Trial construction of twelve linkage groups in Japanese rice. Genetical studies on rice plant. XXVII. J. Fac. of Agr. Hokkaido Univ. 53(1): 72-130.
13. Takahashi, N., 1923. An example of linkage in rice (Preliminary report). Jpn. J. Genet. 2(1): 23-30. (in Japanese)
14. Yamaguchi, Y., 1927. Kreuzungsuntersuchungen an Reisflanzen. II. Ueber die zweite (S-M-) Koppenlungsgruppe mit besonderer Berilcksichtigung ihrer korrelativen Beziehung zur Blutezeit, Vorlaufige Mitteilung. Ber. Ohara Instit. f. landw. 3: 1-126. (in German)
15. Yamaguchi, Y., 1929. Supplementary information on S-M linkage relation in rice. Nogaku-Kenkyu 13: 135-172.
