A. Report of International Rice Genetics Symposium

A symposium on rice genetics and cytogenetics was organized by IRRI in February 1963. The proceedings of that symposium published in 1964 contain an excellent summary of the knowledge then available on different aspects of rice genetics and cytogenetics. Unfortunately since then, till May of this year no major international symposium on rice genetics was organized either in IRRI or at any other organization. In contrast, in other major cereals like wheat and barley, international symposia are held once in five years to review the state of knowledge of genetics and to develop collaborative research in fields such as gene mapping, identification and conservation of marker genes and gene symbolization and nomenclature.

In the absence of any such symposia, there was no opportunity for rice geneticists to discuss matters related to gene symbolization and collaboration in gene mapping and conservation of gene stocks. Considerable confusion regarding chromosome numbering system and naming of mutant genes was created due to lack of coordination. Need for an international organization of rice geneticists was felt by IRRI and Japanese scientists. In September 1982, Dr. G.S. Khush of IRRI wrote to Dr. T. Kinoshita of Japan and proposed that an International Rice Genetics Symposium be organized. This proposal was discussed at the October 1982 meeting of the Japanese Committee on Rice Gene Nomenclature and Linkage Groups. In January 1983, Dr. M. Takahashi asked a number of rice geneticists abroad about the desirability of holding a rice genetics symposium. The responses were favorable and the matter was further discussed between Drs. M.S. Swaminathan, G.S. Khush and H.I. Oka during Dr. Oka's visit to IRRI in April 1983. Further discussions were held when Drs. Y. Futsuhara and T. Kinoshita visited IRRI in October 1983. It was agreed to hold the International Rice Genetics Symposium in May 1985 to coincide with IRRI's 25th anniversary celebration.

An international organizing committee consisting of Drs. J.N. Rutger, R.C. Chaudhary, S.M.H. Zaman, B.H. Siwi, Min Shao-Kai, T. Kinoshita, M.H. Heu, M. Jacquot, A. Abifarin, T.T. Chang, Ray Wu and M. Van Montagu, helped Drs. G.S. Khush and H.I. Oka who served as secretaries. Most of the preparatory work for the symposium at IRRI was done by Dr. G.S. Khush and his colleagues in the plant breeding department.

After the idea of organizing the symposium was finalized, we were fortunate to have the benefit of discussions with Dr. Alva App, Director of Agricultural Sciences of the Rockefeller Foundation. He generously agreed to provide financial support from the Rockefeller Foundation for organizing this symposium.

The symposium was held from May 27-31, 1985. Two hundred and five scientists from 31 countries and IRRI participated in the symposium. The program consisted of oral presentation (77 papers in 14 sessions) and a poster session. Participants were taken on a field tour during one afternoon. In addition to the discussions on the present status of rice genetics during formal sessions, intensive informal discussions were held with rice geneticists to establish a formal organization to coordinate linkage mapping and gene sympolization, to maintain gene stocks, to publish Rice Genetics Newsletter and for holding periodic symposia on rice genetics. This led to the birth of Rice Genetics Cooperative (RGC) to coordinate these activities. The Covenant and By-Laws of RGC are given below. The names of the Coordinating Committee of the RGC and its office bearers and the names of members and office bearers of the standing committees of RGC are also given below.

The establishment of the RGC is a major achievement of the International Rice Genetics Symposium and a landmark in the history of rice genetics. I hope the RGC will play an important role in assisting rice geneticists to derive full benefit from the new tools of modern genetics in solving problems in rice improvement.

Proceedings of the International Rice Genetics Symposium will be published in December 1985 as a book by IRRI. The book will contain all of the 77 papers presented during the Symposium and the discussions, in addition to the opening remarks, the keynote address, the concluding remarks and a chapter on the birth of Rice Genetics Cooperative.

Repeated DNA sequences and RUBP carboxylase oxygenase as tools for the study of rice evolution: S.R. Barnes and D. Pental

Geographic distribution of gametophyte genes in wide crosses of rice cultivars: M. Nakagahra

A varietal classification of Asian cultivated rice based on isozyme polymorphism: J.C. Glaszmann

Sterility barrier between the two cultivated rice species, Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima: Y. Sano

Genetical studies on trisomic-like plants of rice derived from the interchange homozygote, RT2-3b-T65: S. Sato

Use of primary trisomics of rice in genetic analysis: E.A. Siddiq, A.R. Sadananda, and F.U. Zaman

Production of monosomic alien addition lines of Oryza sativa having a single chromosome of O. officinalis: K.K. Jena and G.S. Khush

The relationship between chromosomes identified cytologically and linkage groups in rice: N. Iwata

Relationships between linkage groups and cytologically identifiable chromosomes of rice: G.S. Khush and R.J. Singh

Chromosomal location of some mutant genes through the use of primary trisomics in rice: A. Librojo and G.S. Khush

Inheritance of semi-dwarf and other useful mutant genes in rice: J.N. Rutger, L.E. Azzini and P.J. Brookhouzen

Genetic analysis of notched grain in rice: Z.M. Xiong, S.K. Min, F.L. King and X. D. Zhu

Genetic analysis of sheathed panicle in a Nepalese rice cultivar "Gamadi": M.H. Heu and G.L. Shrestha

Gene loci and alleles controlling the duration of basic vegetative growth in rice:K.H. Tsai

Analysis of genes controlling heading time in Japanese rice: H. Yamagata, Y. Okumoto and T. Tanisaka

Genetic studies on the components of drought resistance in rice: T.T. Chang, J.L. Armenta-Soto, C.X. Mao, R. Peiris, and G.C. Loresto

Mode of inheritance of tolerance to iron toxicity in two rice cultivars: A.O. Abifarin

A method of estimating true resistance genes to blast in rice varieties: K. Toriyama, A. Ezuka, K. Asaga, and M. Yokoo

Genetics of bacterial blight resistance in rice: G.S. Sidhu, M.R. Gagneja, G.L. Raina, R.K. Saini, and K.S. Gill

Genetic and cytological characterization of the rice blast fungus, Pyricularia oryzae: H. Leung and P.H. Williams

Genetic analysis of resistance to brown planthopper in rice: R. Ikeda and C. Kaneda

Inheritance of resistance to gall midge in some cultivars of rice: B.P. Chaudhary, P.S. Srivastava, M.N. Shrivastava, and G.S. Khush

Sources and inheritance to whitebacked planthopper, Sogatella furcifera in rice: A.K. Gupta and K.K. Shukla

Inheritance of resistance to planthoppers and leafhoppers in rice: E.R. Angeles, G.S. Khush and E.A. Heinrichs

Detection of epistatic, additive and dominance variation in rice: L. Ahmed, A.H. Zakri, B.S. Jalani, and O. Omar

The genetical architecture of a number of economically important characters and the prediction of performance of recombinant inbred lines in rice: A.L.T. Perera, D. Senadhira, and M.J. Lawrence

Inheritance of some quantitative characters including heterosis in rice by combining ability analysis: K.C. Mohapatra and H.K. Mohanty

Combining ability for low-temperature tolerance in rice: R.N. Kaw and G.S. Khush

Session 11: Cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration (Chairman: A. Bianchi)

Genetic analysis of fertility restoration in male sterile lines of rice: Y.C. Li and L.P. Yuan

Current knowledge and future outlook on cytoplasmic genetic male sterility and fertility restoration in rice: S.S. Virmani, K. Govinda Raj, C. Casal, D. Dalmacio, and P.A. Aurin

Inheritance of fertility restoration of cytoplasmic male sterility in Indica rice: C.S. Huang, T. Tseng and C. Liu

Interspecific hybridization and male sterility in rice: J. Bouharmont and M. Briquet

Histological observations on induced genetic male sterile mutants in rice: Y.G. Lu and Z.G. Quan

Induced mutations for genetic analysis in rice: M.A. Awan, A.A. Cheema, and G.R. Tahir

Mutagenesis by treating fertilized egg cells with nitroso compounds in rice: T. Omura and H. Satoh

Genes for semidwarfism in rice induced by mutagenesis: M. Maluszynski, A. Micke, and B. Donini

Effects of dimethylsulfate (DMS), ethylene imine (EI) and gamma rays on rice variability in M\2\: L.D. Thanh and B.H. Trinh

Effect of plant growth substances on callus formation and plant regeneration in anther culture of rice: C.R. Huang, Y.H. Wu, and C.C. Chen

Rice anther culture: A tool for production of cold tolerant lines: F.J. Zapata, L.B.Torrizo, R.R. Aldemita, A.U. Novero, A.M. Mazaredo, R.V. Visperas, M.S. Lim, H.P. Moon, and M.H. Heu

Tissue culture in rice and its application in selecting for stress tolerance: T.A. Dykes and M.W. Nabors

Molecular cloning and sequencing of rice genes: R. Wu, Z. Peng, T. Kao, E. Moon, and Y. Cai

In vitro culture of rice and direct gene transfer to cereal cells: H. Lorz and E. Gobel

2. Shimamoto, Y.-Habitats of different ecotypes of wild rice, Oryza perennis Moench

4. Maekawa, M.-Geographical distribution of the genes responsible for coloration of rice

5. Sato, Y.I.-Distribution of genes for F\1\ weakness in Asian native rice cultivars

6. Sato, T.-Physiological function of awn on the environmental adaptation in rice

7. Barbier, Pascale-Wild-rice populations: Genetic diversity and adaptive strategy

9. Tanisaka, T., H. Yamagata, and K. Shiraishi-Semi-dwarfing genes in Japanese rice

10. Kamijima, O.-Effects of dwarfing genes on the cell length and numbers in some organs of rice plants

11. Mahadevappa, M., P.H. Shivakumaraswamy, and K.P. Viswanatha-Genetics of cold tolerance in rice

12. Mackill, D.J. and J.M. Bonman-Identification of blast resistance genes in Indica rice varieties

14. Kumar, Ish and G.S. Khush-Dosage effects of genes for amylose content on F\1\ endosperm characteristics

15. Loresto, G., E. Ayon-Ramos, Chang-Xiang Mao, and T.T. Chang-Genetic variation of seedling root characters grown under field conditions and in aeroponic culture

16. Zhu, Li-Hong and Yu-Zhen Zhou-Genetical transfer and expression of bacterial leaf blight resistance in rice

20. Hasegawa, H., S. Mori, M. Inoue, and M. Murakami-Induction and characterization of hydroxy-L-proline resistant mutants in rice

21. Nakai, H., M. Saito, K. Nomura, K. Sone, and S. Kuwahara-Induced mutants for bacterial blight resistance

22. Yamaguchi, H. and A. Tatara-Cytological effect of a neoplasm inhibitor, cisplatin upon the germinating rice

23. Nagamine, T.-Varietal differences in photosynthetic capacity of rice leaves by polarographic method

25. Mori, S., H. Hasegawa, K. Nakamura, H. Nakanishi, and M. Murakami- Characterization of cultured rice callus cell lines resistant to hydroxy-L- proline

26. Yamaguchi, H. and H. Kakiuchi-Plasmid-like mitochondrial DNAs found in male sterile cytoplasm of rice

27. Mercy, S.T. and F.J. Zapata-Initiation of androgenesis in rice var. Taipei 309

28. Brar, D.S., F.J. Zapata, and G. Cabuslay-Somaclonal variation for salt tolerance in IR rice varieties

29. Abrigo, E. and F.J. Zapata-Long term plant regeneration from NaCl-stressed Japonica rice var. Reiho

30. Encarnacion, G.D., L.B. Torrizo, R.R. Aldemita, and F.J. Zapata- Gametoclonal variations in anther culture plants for aluminium tolerance

32. Bianchi, A., S. Russo, M. Badino, and G. Raso-Production of rice genotypes through anther culture technique in Italy

34. Raghavan, V.-Localization of a cloned histone gene in rice anthers by in situ hybridization