The general aim of this Newsletter is to promote cooperation and exchange
of information and material among rice geneticists. Emphasis will be laid on
standardization of gene symbols and presentation of current linkage maps, in
addition to reporting new findings in the genetic study of rice.
Each issue will contain A) Special notices, B) Current linkage maps, C) List of genes and genetic stocks, D) List of recent publications, E) Research notes, and F) Mailing list. The Newsletter will be published annually.
The research notes should consist of short articles (abstracts with necessary tables and references). Each article should contain information that might otherwise not be available to interested workers, even if it does not merit formal publication. Particular strains used as experimental material should be briefly described. New findings on genes, linkage relations, and useful techniques can logically be reported here. Articles are published primarily for the benefit of members, and none of information may be used in publications by others without the consent of the respec- tive authors. Recent papers on rice genetics published in languages other than English can be summarized as a research note. Preliminary reports of research projects that might be published later as journal articles are also welcome.
Manuscripts should be sent to the Editor: Dr. H. I. Oka, National Institute of Genetics, Misima City, 411 Japan, or Dr. G. S. Khush, International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines.
For subscription, please write to the Secretary: Professor Y. Futsuhara, Faculty of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Chigusa-ku, Nagoya, 464 Japan.
(Y. Futsuhara)
2. Announcement: The International Rice Genetics Symposium
The Symposium will be held at the International Rice Research Institute
(IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines) in May 1985, and will be jointly sponsored by
the IRRI and Japanese Rice Genetics Information Committee. The following
topics will be discussed: 1) Systematics and evolution, 2) varietal
differentiation and reproductive barriers, 3) rice karyotype, polyploids,
aneuploids, and translocations, 4) genetic markers and linkage maps, 5)
geographical distribution of genes, 6) genetics of physiological traits, 7)
genetics of endosperm traits, 8) genetics of disease and insect resistance,
9) quantitative genetics, 10) cytoplasmic male sterility and restoration,
11) mutagenesis, 12) tissue and cell culture, 13) gene library for genetic
engineering research, and 14) gene transfer techniques.
The proceedings will be published in a book form. An international committee for preparing the program has been established with the following membership: Co-chairmen: Drs. M. S. Swaminathan and M. Takahashi, Secretaries: Drs. G. S. Khush and H. I. Oka, Members: Drs. A. Abifarin (Liberia), T. T. Chang (IRRI), R. C. Chaudhary (India), M. H. Heu (Korea), M. Jacquot (France), Min Shao Kai (China), T. Kinoshita (Japan), M. Van Montagu (Belgium), J. N. Rutger (USA), B. H. Siwi (Indonesia), Ray Wu (USA), and S. M. H. Zaman (Bangladesh).
If you are interested in attending the Symposium, please write to one of the Secretaries at your earliest convenience. (G. S. Khush)
3. Proposal for Rules of Gene Symbolization
In 1963, the Committee on rice gene symbolization and linkage groups
(chairman Dr. N. E. Jodon), appointed by the 6th (1955) Meeting of the
Working Party on Rice Breeding, FAO International Rice Commission (IRC),
proposed the general rules and standardized symbols for known genes. Since
then, this report has served as a guide for rice geneticists. On account of
new developments in rice genetics during the last two decades, however,
the need for examination and revision of gene symbols and linkage groups has
been progressively felt. Realizing this, the Japanese Rice Genetics
Information Committee initiated the examination of the gene symbols and
linkage groups. First, the Committee discussed the principles and accepted
the following:
1) The symbols used should follow the above-mentioned international rules
(given in Table 1) and the gene symbols thereby recommended (cf. Publ. List
1, 10, 19 & 32).
2) The symbols commonly used by many workers can be retained even if they do not fit the rules completely.
3) When a new gene is identified but its allelic relationships with previously reported mimic genes are not known, it is denoted by adding (t) to its symbol; (t means tentative). For examples, d-50(t).
4) Non-allelic loci (mimics, polymeric genes, etc.) are distinguished by a suffix letter or arabic numeral either on the same line after a hyphen or as a subscript.
5) When two or more different gene symbols have been used for the same gene, the one appearing in the earlier report is adopted so far as it satisfies the rules.
6) For revision of gene symbols used by an author, contact with the author to seek approval is necessary.
7) The list of genes includes those for which seed stocks are maintained. The gene symbols recommended by the Committee are shown in the List that follows.
(T. Kinoshita)
Table 1.International rules adopted by ICG and the comments for application
to rice genetics added by IRC
(quoted from Crop Research 1963)
1. In naming hereditary factors, the use of languages of higher
internationality should be given preference. (English is and probably will
continue to be the language most commonly used by rice geneticists.)
2. Symbols of hereditary factors, derived from their original names, should be written in Roman letters of distinctive type, preferably in italics, and be as short as possible. (Symbols may be based on a key word or on an adjective-noun combination.)
3. Whenever unambiguous, the name and symbol of a dominant begin with a capital letter and those of a recessive with a small letter. (Non-controversial.)
4. Literal or numeral superscripts are used to represent the different members of an allelic series. (Same as 'convention' number 1 of Kadam and Ramiah [6].)
5. Standard or wild type alleles are designated by the gene symbols with + as a superscript or by + with the gene symbol as a superscript. In formulae the + alone may be used. (It hardly could be said that there is either a standard or a wild type in rice, and therefore the first part of this rule does not seem to apply. The + sign could be used in formulae if desired.)
6. Two or more genes having phenotypically similar effects are designated by a common basic symbol. Non-allelic loci (mimics, polymeric genes, etc.) are distinguished by an additional letter or Arabic numeral either on the same line after a hyphen or as a subscript. Alleles of independent mutational origin may be indicated by a superscript. (Here rice geneticists might follow 'convention' numbers 2 and 3 of Kadam and Ramiah [6] in using literal subscripts for complemen- tary genes and numeral subscripts for duplicate genes.)
7. Inhibitors, suppressors and enhancers are designated by the symbols I, Su, and En, or by i, su, and en if they are recessive, followed by a hyphen and the symbol of the allele affected. (This appears non-controversial.)
8. Whenever convenient, lethals should be designated by the letter l or L, and sterility and incompatability genes by s or S. (Would not be needed for albinos, which are always lethal.)
9. Linkage groups and corresponding chromosomes are preferably designated by Arabic numerals. ([In the past] Roman numerals have been used, but in the future this rule should be complied with.)
10. The letter X and Y are recommended to designate the sex chromosomes. (Does not apply.)
11. Genic formulae are written as fractions with the maternal alleles given first or above.
Each fraction corresponds to a single linkage group. Different linkage groups written in numerical sequence are separated by semicolons. Symbols of unlocated genes are placed within parentheses at the end of the formula. In euploids and aneuploids the gene symbols are repeated as many times as there are homologous loci. (Non-controversial.)
12. Chromosomal aberrations should be indicated by the abbreviations: Df for deficiency, Dp for duplication, In for inversion, T for translocation, Tp for transposition. (Cytologists and cytogeneticists will have use for these symbols in future work with rice.)
13. The zygotic number of chromosomes is indicated by 2n, the gametic number by n and the basic number by x. (Non-controversial usage.)
14. Symbols of extra-chromosomal factors should be enclosed within brackets and precede the genic formulae. (Non-controversial usage.)
4. List of gene symbols recommended for rice
A AS,AE,A,Ad,Am Anthocyanin activator (complementary action with C) Acp-1-17,Acp-1+9,Acp-1-4, Acid phosphatase-1 Acp-1+4,Acp-1+9,Acp- 1+12, Acp-1+24,Acp- Nul(Acp-B) Acp-2Fa,Acp-2Sa,Acp- Acid phosphatase-2 2Nul(Acp-C) Acp-3B,Acp-3Nul Acid phosphatase-3 al-1 (al-K-1) albino- 1 al-2 (al-K-2) albino- 2 al-3 (al-K-3) albino- 3 al-4 (al-K-4) albino- 4 al-5 (al-K-5) albino- 5 al-6(t) (al-K-6) albino- 6 al-7(t) (al-K-7) albino- 7 al-8 (al-K-8) albino- 8 al-9(t) (al-K-9) albino- 9 al-10 (al-K-10) albino-10 alk alkali degeneration An-1 Awn-1 (triplicate genes) An-2 Awn-2 (ditto) An-3 Awn-3 (ditto) An-4(t) Awn-4 as asynapsis B bc-1 brittle culm-1 bc-2 brittle culm-2 bc-3 brittle culm-3 bd-1,2 beaked lemma (duplicate genes) Bf Brown furrows of hull bgl bright green leaf Bh-a,b,c (Bh-1,2,3) Black hull (complementary genes) bk big grain bl-1 brown leaf spot-1 bl-2 (bl-m) brown leaf spot-2 bl-3 brown leaf spot-3 bl-4 brown leaf spot-4 bl-5 brown leaf spot-5 bl-6 brown leaf spot-6 Bp Bulrush-like panicle Bph-1 Brown planthopper resistance-1 bph-2 brown planthopper resistance-2 Bph-3 Brown planthopper resistance-3 bph-4 brown planthopper resistance-4 Bsv (Bs) Black streaked dwarf virus resistance C CBs,CB,CBp,CBt,CBr,CBd Chromogen for anthocyanin CBk,CBc,CBm (complementary action with A) Cat-11,Cat-22 (Cat-A) Catalase-1 Ce-1,2,3,4 Cercospora oryzae resistance (multiple genes) chl-1 (ch-1) chlorina-1 chl-2 (ch-2) chlorina-2 chl-3 (ch-3) chlorina-3 chl-4 (ch-4) chlorina-4 chl-5 (ch-5) chlorina-5 chl-6 (ch-6) chlorina-6 chl-7(t) chlorina-7 Cl Clustered spikelets clw claw shaped spikelets cps compact panicle sterile D d-1 daikoku dwarf d-2 ebisu dwarf d-3 bunketsu-waito of tillering dwarf (duplicate or triplicate genes) d-4 bunketsu-waito of tillering dwarf (ditto) d-5 bunketsu-waito of tillering dwarf (ditto) d-6 (d-34) ebisumochi dwarf or tankan-shirasasa dwarf d-7 heiei-daikoku or cleistogamous dwarf d-9 chinese dwarf d-10 (d-15,d-16) kikeibanshinriki or toyohikari-bunwai of tillering dwarf d-11 (d-8) shinkane-aikoku or norin-28 dwarf d-12 yukara dwarf d-13 short grained dwarf d-14 (d-10) kamikawabunwai of tillering dwarf d-17(t) slender dwarf d-18h hosetsu-waisei or akibare dwarf (multiple alleles) d-18k (d-25) kotaketamanishiki dwarf (ditto) d-19(t) kamikawa dwarf d-20 hayayuki dwarf d-21 aomorimochi-14 dwarf d-22(t) jokei 6549 dwarf d-23(t) ah-7 dwarf d-24(t) m-7 dwarf d-26(t) 7237 dwarf d-27 (d-t) bunketsuto of tillering dwarf d-28 (d-C) chokeidaikoku or long stemmed dwarf d-29 (d-K-1) short uppermost internode dwarf d-30 (d-W) waisei-shirasasa dwarf d-31 taichung-155-irradiated dwarf d-32 (d-K-4,d-12) dwarf Kyushu-4 d-33 (d-B) bonsaito dwarf d-35(t) tanginbozu dwarf d-42(t) liguleless dwarf d-49(t) reimei dwarf d-50(t) fukei 71 dwarf d-51 (d-K-8) dwarf Kyushu-8 d-52 (d-K-2) dwarf Kyushu-2 D-53 (D-K-3) Dwarf Kyushu-3 d-54 (d-K-5) dwarf Kyushu-5 d-55 (d-K-6) dwarf Kyushu-6 d-56 (d-K-7) dwarf Kyushu-7 d-57 [d(x)] dwarf D-a,b (D-1,2) Complementary dominant lethal (complementary genes) da double awns dl (lop) drooping leaf Dn-1 (Dn) Dense panicle-1 Dn-2 Dense panicle-2 dn-3 dense panicle-3 dp-1 depressed palea-1 dp-2 depressed palea-2 drp-1 dripping-wet leaf-1 drp-2 dripping-wet leaf-2 drp-3 dripping-wet leaf-3 drp-4 dripping-wet leaf-4 drp-5(t) dripping-wet leaf-5 drp-6(t) dripping-wet leaf-6 drp-7(t) dripping-wet leaf-7 ds desynapsis du dull endosperm dw-1,2 (fh) deep water tolerance (duplicate genes) E E-1 Heading date-1 E-2 Heading date-2 E-3 Heading date-3 Ef-1a,Ef-1b,Ef-1x,Ef- Earliness-1 1X (E) Ef-2 Earliness-2 eg extra glume er (o) erect growth habit Est-1,Est-1Nul (Est-D) Esterase-1 Est-2S,Est-2F,Est-2Nul Esterase-2 (Est-E) Est-3S,Est-3F (Est-J) Esterase-3 Est-4S,Est-4F,Est-4Nul Esterase-4 (Est-H) eui elongated uppermost internode F fc-1 fine culm-1 fc-2(t) fine culm-2 fes-1 female sterile-1 Fes-2 Female sterile-2 fgl (fl) faded green leaf Fgr Fragrant flower fs-1 (fs) fine stripe-1 fs-2 fine stripe-2 G g-1 (g) long sterile lemmas-1 G-2 (Gm,Gl) long sterile lemmas-2 ga-1 gametophyte gene-1 ga-2 gametophyte gene-2 ga-3 gametophyte gene-3 ga-4 (ga-A) gametophyte gene-4 ga-5 (ga-B) gametophyte gene-5 ga-6 gametophyte gene-6 ga-7 gametophyte gene-7 ga-8 gametophyte gene-8 ga-9 gametophyte gene-9 ga-10(t) gametophyte gene-10 ge giant embryo gf gold furrows of hull gh-1 gold hull and internode-1 gh-2 gold hull and internode-2 gh-3 gold hull and internode-3 gl-1,2 glabrous leaf and hull (duplicate genes) Glh-1 Green leafhopper resistance-1 Glh-2 Green leafhopper resistance-2 Glh-3 Green leafhopper resistance-3 glh-4 green leafhopper resistance-4 Glh-5 Green leafhopper resistance-5 Glh-6 Green leafhopper resistance-6 Glh-7 Green leafhopper resistance-7 gm-1,2,3 (pd) gall midge resistance (triplicate genes) Grh-1,2 Green rice leafhopper resistance (duplicate genes) Gsv (Gs) Grassy stunt virus resistance H Hbv (Rhb) Hoja blanca virus resistance He Helminthosporium oryzae resistance Hg Hairy glume Hl-a,b Hairy leaf (complementary genes) I I-Bf Inhibitor for brown furrows I-Bph-1 Inhibitor for brown planthopper resistance I-gm-1 Inhibitor for susceptibility to gall midge I-Pl-1 Inhibitor for purple leaf-1 (duplicate or triplicate genes) I-Pl-2 Inhibitor for purple leaf-2 (ditto) I-Pl-3 Inhibitor for purple leaf-3 (ditto) I-Pl-4 Inhibitor for purple pericarp-4 (duplicate genes) I-Pl-5 Inhibitor for purple pericarp-5 (ditto) I-Pl-6 Inhibitor for purple leaf (Pli)-6 I-Ps-a,b (I-Ps-1,2) Inhibitor for purple stigma (complementary genes) L L-1-a,b (L-1-1,2) Complementary dominant lethal-1 (complementary genes) L-2-a,b (Lr-1-1,2) Complementary dominant lethal-2 (complementary genes) la 'lazy' growth habit Lap-1 (Lap-E) Leucine amino peptidase-1 lax (lx) lax panicle lg liguleless lgt long twisted grain Lh-a,b Heavy pubescence (complementary genes) lhd lhs-1 (op) leafy hull sterile-1 lhs-2 (lhs) leafy hull sterile-2 lk slender grain Lk-f 'Fusayoshi' long grain lmx long lemma lp-1,2 long palea (duplicate genes) M ma-Ef-1,mb-Ef-1 modifier for Ef-1 (multiple alleles) M-Pi-z (Rb-6) Pyricularia oryzae resistance (modifier for Pi-z) Mdh-1 (Mdh-A) Malate dehydrogenase-1 me multiple embryos Mi Minute grain mls-1,2 malformed lemma (duplicate genes) mp multiple pistils ms-1 (sf) male sterile-1 ms-2 (ms-d) male sterile-2 ms-3 (ms-1) male sterile-3 ms-4 (ms-2) male sterile-4 ms-5 (ms-3) male sterile-5 ms-6 (ms-4) male sterile-6 ms-7(t) male sterile-7 ms-8(t) male sterile-8 ms-9(t) male sterile-9 ms-10(t) male-sterile-10 ms-11(t) male-sterile-11 ms-12(t) male-sterile-12 ms-13(t) male-sterile-13 ms-14(t) male-sterile-14 ms-15(t) male-sterile-15 ms-16(t) male-sterile-16 ms-17(t) male-sterile-17 N nal-1 narrow leaf-1 (triplicate genes with nal-2 and nal-3) nal-2 narrow leaf-2 (ditto) nal-3 (nal-2 or nal-3) narrow leaf-3 (ditto) nal-4 (nal) narrow leaf-4 nal-5 (nal-1) narrow leaf-5 nbs non-bearing of spikelets nl-1 neck leaf-1 nl-2 neck leaf-2 O ops open hull sterile P P,Pk,Pc Colored apiculus (complementary action with C and A) Pa Purple apiculus Pau-a,b Purple auricle Pc-1,2 Purple coleoptile pcs (ops-2) parthenocarpy sterile Pd Pendant panicle Pg-1,2,3 Purple glume Pgi-11,Pgi-12 (Pgi-A) Phosphoglucose isomerase-1 Pgi-21,Pgi-22 (Pgi-B) Phosphoglucose isomerase-2 pgl pale green leaf Ph (Po) Phenol staining Pi-a Pyricularia oryzae resistance-a Pi-b (Pi-s) Pyricularia oryzae resistance-b Pi-f Pyricularia oryzae resistance-f Pi-i Pyricularia oryzae resistance-i Pi-k,Pi-Ks,Pi-Kp,Pi-km (=Pi-m),Pi-kh Pyricularia oryzae resistance-k Pi-t Pyricularia oryzae resistance-t Pi-ta,Pi-ta2,Pi-tan Pyricularia oryzae resistance-ta Pi-z,Pi-zt Pyricularia oryzae resistance-z Pi-se-1 (Rb-1) Pyricularia oryzae resistance-se (additive effect with three genes) Pi-se-2 (Rb-2) Pyricularia oryzae resistance-se (ditto) Pi-se-3 (Rb-3) Pyricularia oryzae resistance-se (ditto) Pi-is-1 (Rb-4) Pyricularia oryzae resistance-is (cumulative effect with two genes) Pi-is-2 (Rb-5) Pyricularia oryzae resistance-is (ditto) Pi(t) Pyricularia oryzae resistance Pin-1 Purple internode Pj-a,b,c,d Purple junctura Pjb Purple junctura back Pl,Plw,Pli (Pl') Purple leaf Pla Purple leaf apex Plg Purple ligule Plm(Pla) Purple leaf margin Pm-a,b,c,d (Sp) Purple septum Pmr(Plm) Purple midrib Pn Purple node Pnr-1,2,3 Purple nodal ring Pox-1OC,Pox-12A,Pox- Peroxidase-1 14A,Pox-1Nul (Px,Pe) Pox-24C,Pox-2Nul Peroxidase-2 Pox-33C,Pox-35C Peroxidase-3 Pr Purple hull Prp-a(Pp) Purple pericarp (complementary action with Prp-b) Prp-b (Pb) Purple pericarp (ditto with Prp-a) Ps-1 Purple stigma-1 Ps-2 Purple stigma-2 Ps-3 Purple stigma-3 Psh Purple sheath Pu-a,b,c,d Purple pulvinus Px Purple leaf axil R R4C'LB' Regulator gene for peroxidase R4C'LS' Regulator gene for peroxidase Rc,RcS Brown pericarp and seed coat rcn reduced culm number Rcp2A,Rcp4A Receptor gene for peroxidase Rd Red pericarp and seed coat (complementary action with Rc) Reg-12A,Reg-24A,Reg-32A Regulator gene for peroxidase Rf-1 Pollen fertility restoration-1 Rf-2 (Rf-x) Pollen fertility restoration-2 Rf-a,b,c Pollen fertility restoration (complementary genes) Rf-a',b',c',d' Pollen fertility restoration (complementary genes) Rf-j Pollen fertility restoration-j rfs rolled fine striped leaf ri verticillate rachis rk-1 round kernel-1 rk-2 round kernel-2 rl-1 rolled leaf-1 rl-2 rolled leaf-2 rl-3 (rl-1) rolled leaf-3 rl-4 (rl-2) rolled leaf-4 rl-5 (rl-3) rolled leaf-5 s-a-1,2 (s-1,s-2) hybrid sterility-a (duplicate genes) s-b-1,2 (s-1,s-2) hybrid sterility-b (duplicate genes) s-c-1,2 (s-1,s-2) hybrid sterility-c (duplicate genes) s-d-1,2 (s-1,s-2) hybrid sterility-d (duplicate genes) s-e-1,2 (s-1,s-2) hybrid sterility-e (duplicate genes) S-1, Sa-1 Hybrid sterility-1 (one locus sporogametophytic lethal , multiple alleles S-2, Sa-2 Hybrid sterility-2 (one locus sporogametophytic lethal , multiple alleles S-3, Sa-3 Hybrid sterility-3 (one locus sporogametophytic lethal , multiple alleles S-A-1,2 (A-1,2) Hybrid sterility-A (duplicate fertility genes) S-B-1,2 (B-1,2) Hybrid sterility-B (duplicate fertility genes) Sb Stem borer resistance Sc-1,2 Sclerotium oryzae resistance (duplicate genes) Scl Superclustered spikelets sd-1 (d-47) dee-geo-woo-gen dwarf sd-2 semidwarf-2 sd-3 semidwarf-3 sd-4 semidwarf-4 Sdr-a,b (Sd) Seed dormancy (complementary genes) Sc-le,Se-1n,Se-1t,Se- Photosensitivity-1 1s,Se-1u (Lm,Lf,Rs) se-2 photosensitivity-2 Sg Permeability of testa to water sh shattering Sh Shattering Shp (Ex) Sheathed panicle shr-1s, shr-1a shrunken endosperm-1 (multiple alleles) shr-2 shrunken endosperm-2 Sk Scented kernel sl sekiguchi lesion Sm (Rsm) Stem maggot resistance sn-1,2 sinuous neck (duplicate genes) sp short panicle spr-1 spreading panicle-1 Spr-2 (E) Spreading panicle-2 spl-1 (bl-7,bl-12) spotted leaf-1 spl-2 (bl-13) spotted leaf-2 spl-3 (bl-14) spotted leaf-3 spl-4 (bl-15) spotted leaf-4 spl-5 (bl-16) spotted leaf-5 spl-6 spotted leaf-6 spl-7 spotted leaf-7 spl-8 (bl-8) spotted leaf-8 st-1 (ws-1) stripe-1 st-2 (gw) stripe-2 st-3 (stl) stripe-3 st-4 (ws-2) stripe-4 Stv-a (St-1) Stripe virus resistance (complementary genes) Stv-b,Stv-bi (St-2) Stripe virus resistance (multiple alleles) su sugary endosperm Su-g-1 Suppressor for long sterile lemmas T tri triangular hull ts-a,b twisted stem (complementary genes) Tuv-a,b (Rtv) Tungro virus resistance (complementary genes) U Ur-1 (Ur) Undulate rachis-1 ur-2 undulate rachis-2 Un-a,b Uneven grain (complementary genes) V v-1 virescent-1 v-1(t) (v-1) virescent-1 v-2 virescent-2 v-3 virescent-3 v-4 virescent-4 v-5 virescent-5 v-6 virescent-6 v-7 virescent-7 v-8 virescent-8 v-9(t) virescent-9 v-10(t) virescent-10 v-11(t) virescent-11 W W-a,b (W-1,2) Complementary dominant lethal-W (complementary genes) Wh White hull Wph-1 (Wbph-1) White-backed planthopper resistance-1 Wph-2 (Wbph-2) White-backed planthopper resistance-2 Wph-3 (Wbph-3) White-backed planthopper resistance-3 Wph-4 (Wbph-4) White-backed planthopper resistance-4 Wph-5 (Wbph-5) White-backed planthopper resistance-5 wx (am) glutinous endosperm X Xa-1,Xa-1h (Xe-1) Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-1 (multiple alleles) Xa-2 (Xe-2) Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-2 Xa-3 (Xa-w) Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-3 Xa-4a,Xa-4b Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-4 (multiple alleles) xa-5 xanthomonas oryzae resistance-5 Xa-6 Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-6 Xa-7 Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-7 xa-8 xanthomonas oryzae resistance-8 xa-9 xanthomonas oryzae resistance-9 Xa-10 Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-10 Xa-kg,Xa-kgh Xanthomonas oryzae resistance-kg (multiple alleles) Y Ydv (Ryd) Yellow dwarf resistance ylb yellow banded leaf blade ysl yellow leaf spot Z z-1 zebra-1 z-2 zebra-2 z-3 zebra-3 z-4 zebra-4 z-5 zebra-5 zn zebra necrosis Cytoplasmic male sterility [ms-bo] Cytoplasm from 'Chinsurah boro II' [ms-ld] Cytoplasm from 'Lead rice' [ms-TA] Cytoplasm from 'TA 820' [ms-CW] Cytoplasm from Chinese wild rice [ms-WA] Cytoplasm, WA-group [ms-HL] Cytoplasm, HL-group [ms-jp] Cytoplasm from japonica cultivator 'Akebono'