grain_icon Markers Home | Markers Search | Browse Map Sets | SSR Markers Resource | Microarray Probes | Help | Tutorial | FAQs
Find: Type: Taxonomy:
E.g., "OA_BBa0071H05,c0346J09", "rm*", Oat RFLPs like "CDO*", or view help.
expand all sections collapse all sections  Zea mays subsp. mays Gene "sh4"
ID 1444
Name sh4 (GENE SYMBOL)
Synonyms (3)
GRAMENE GENEGR:0200491
Type Gene
Species Zea mays subsp. mays (Maize) [ GR_tax:014546 ]
Germplasm
Description Collapsed, chalky endosperm. Allelic to sh4 of W.S. Singleton (unpublished),
Co-op stock. Shrunken floury kernel; less extreme than sh2; kernels smaller,
lighter colored than normal; surface shrunken and convoluted; corneous
endosperm layer reduced or entirely missing, only floury or starchy endosperm
remains; plants strikingly smaller than normal sibs. Aleurone appears speckled;
microscopically, many aleurone grains unpigmented; large globules (fat?) seen
in sh4 aleurone but not in normal. Meiosis aberrant, 4-35% pollen abortion,
most frequently 14%; aborted pollen grains arise, not from quartets, but from
individual cells with 40 chromosomes resulting from meiosis without spindle
formation, anaphase movement, or cell wall formation (Richardson 1955
MNL29:45). Foard et al. (1974 MNL48:169) showed that sh4 has low protein
content at all stages of seed development; its production appears to be
partially blocked in pyridoxal phosphate synthesis as the primary mutational
lesion. No effect on aleurone phytic acid was observed (Raboy et al. 1990
Maydica 35:383). Developing endosperms of the mutants have much reduced
phosphorylase I and II activity, and somewhat reduced phosphorylase III
activity (Tsai and Nelson 1969 Genetics 61:813). Level of 112-kDa stroma starch
phosphorylase is reduced by 50% in mutants, relative to wild type controls (Yu
et al. 2001 Plant Physiol. 125:531-539). Genetic 2005 5 coordinates determined
from these recombination and map data: (sh4 -1.3- pr1); see MaizeGDB ID:935447.
This gene was originally curated in MaizeGDB Database and the map position was
displayed on the maize bins map if feasible.
Tags () None
box  Source/Library
toggle section  Details
box  Database Cross-References (0)
box  Sequences (0)
toggle section  Map Positions (3)
toggle section  Associations (89)
box  Associated Ontologies (0)
box  Images (0)