Species | Oryza sativa (Rice) [ GR_tax:013681 ] | ||||||||||
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Accession | GR:0101188 | ||||||||||
Gene Symbol | flo4 | ||||||||||
Gene Name | floury endosperm 4 | ||||||||||
Synonyms (9) |
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E.C. Numbers (1) | 2.7.9.1 | ||||||||||
Pathway Reactions (1) | Pyruvate,phosphate dikinase | ||||||||||
Chromosome No. | 5 | ||||||||||
Gene Type | CDS (Protein coding) | ||||||||||
Has Phenotype | yes | ||||||||||
Description | Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK; EC 2.7.9.1) catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate, ATP, and Pi (inorganic Phosphate) with phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), AMP, and PPi. This enzyme plays an important role in the photosynthesis of C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants, where it catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to PEP. Although PPDK is also present in C3 plants such as rice, it is not thought to participate directly in photosynthesis. Nevertheless, the PPDK found in C3 plants is highly homologous to the C4 enzyme with regard to its structure and biochemical characteristics. The mutant form results in white-core opaque phenotype. The gene flo4, cosegregates with insertional mutations in the OsPPDKB rice gene. flo4 is an important modulator of carbon flow for starch and lipid biosynthesis during grain filling. There are two promoters for this gene. One gives a long form of the transcript (3.4kb) that encodes for the PPDK protein targeted to the plastid. Another promoter found in the second intron of the larger 3.4kb transcript region of the gene, gives a shorter form of the transcript (3.0kb) and the translated PPDK protein is targeted to cytoplasm, because the translational start site of the smaller 3.0kb form is present downsteram of the plastid targeting peptide found in the long form. The plastid form is expressed in the leaf blade and sheath, wheras the cytosolic form was detected in root, leaf blade, leaf sheath and developing grains and was not expressed in carpels. The cytosolic form was induced after pollination and gradually increased during fruit (grain) development. | ||||||||||
Curator Comment | Since there are two different promoters and translation start sites that give rise to the cytosolic and plastid forms, this locus must be split into two different loci. One for plastid and another for cytosolic forms. |
Protein |
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Nucleotide (DNA) |
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Map Type | Map Set | Name | Map | Position | Ext. Links | |||
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Sequence | Gramene Annotated Nipponbare Sequence 2009 | BNL6.32 | Chr. 5 | 19,655,990-19,675,341bp | View Comparative Map | |||
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Map Position [ View in Marker DB ] | |||||
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# | Map Set Name | Linkage Group | Start Position | Stop Position | CMap Feature Acc |
1 | Rice japonica MSU6 | Chr. 5 | 19655990 bp | 19675341 bp | grjp2009a-5-GR:0101188 |
Trait | light sensitivity (TO:0000075), floury endosperm (TO:0000104) |
Plant Structure | aleurone layer (PO:0005360), root (PO:0009005), endosperm (PO:0009089), leaf lamina (PO:0020039), leaf sheath (PO:0020104), scutellum (PO:0020110) |
Cereal Plant Growth Stage | 08-dough stage (GRO:0007042), 09-mature grain stage (GRO:0007045), embryo stage EM6 (GRO:0007172), embryo stage EM7 (GRO:0007174), embryo stage EM8 (GRO:0007175) |
Cellular Component | cytosol (GO:0005829), plastid (GO:0009536) |
Molecular Function | ATP binding (GO:0005524), kinase activity (GO:0016301), transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups (GO:0016772), pyruvate, phosphate dikinase activity (GO:0050242) |
Biological Process | lipid biosynthetic process (GO:0008610), response to light stimulus (GO:0009416), phosphorylation (GO:0016310), starch biosynthetic process (GO:0019252) |
Environment | abscisic acid regimen (EO:0007105), long day length regimen (EO:0007199), short day length regimen (EO:0007200), Magnaporthe grisea (EO:0007226), tissue culture growth media (EO:0007266), unknown environment (EO:0007403) |
Chr | Start | Stop | Exp | Num. SNP Positions | |
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chr5 | 19,655,990 | 19,675,341 | ~160K SNPs x 20 accessions (McNally 2... | 19 | Search for SNPs |
chr5 | 19,655,990 | 19,675,341 | '1536 chip' - 1311 SNPs x 395 rice ac... | 1 | Search for SNPs |
chr5 | 19,655,990 | 19,675,341 | Huang X, et al, Nat Genetics 2010 Nov... | 26 | Search for SNPs |
chr5 | 19,655,990 | 19,675,341 | RiceDiversity 44K SNP assay, 34 trait... | 26 | Search for SNPs |
chr5 | 19,655,990 | 19,675,341 | RiceDiversity 44K SNP assay, 34 trait... | 10 | Search for SNPs |